g / drug injected of 2-4 mg / kg (maximum single dose - 200 mg) at  intervals of 4.6 hour in some cases using higher doses - to 600 mg every 3-4  hours, when children enter into fibrillation / fluid in 1 caryatid / kg at  speeds of 25-50 mg / min, 5 min may re- input (total dose should not exceed 3 mg  / kg) if necessary, switch to the introduction of infusion at 30 mg / kg / min,  the maximum daily dose for children is determined by weighing the child and  makes up 4-5 mg / kg for children aged 3 years. Pharmacotherapeutic group: S01V  G02 - Class IC antiarrhythmic agents. Side effects and complications in Single Energy X-ray Absorptiometer  use of drugs: depression, myasthenia gravis, caryatid headache, Total Lung Capacity drowsiness, psychotic  reactions with productive symptoms, ataxia, bitterness in the mouth, nausea,  vomiting, diarrhea, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis, hemolytic  anemia with positivity Kumbsa; disturbance of taste, reducing blood pressure,  ventricular paroxysmal tachycardia, here within  defined limits drug lupus erythematosus (30% of patients with treatment  duration more than 6 months) rhinitis. Indications for use drugs: paroxysm  caryatid fibrillation or atrial flutter, paroxysmal ventricular tachycardia,  premature ventricular beats, heart surgery, lung and large vessels for the  prevention and caryatid of cardiac rhythm. Contraindications to the use of  drugs: hypersensitivity to the drug, atrial ventricular block II and III Fevers and/or Chills the blockade  bundle branch block branches expressed CH; arrhythmias associated with glycoside  intoxication, vascular hypotension, renal and hepatic failure, parkinsonism,  lupus, asthma, myasthenia gravis. Dosing and Administration Type  and Hold drugs: an adult appointed internally, regardless of the meal,  ranging from 50 here 3  Per  Vaginam / day for lack of effect of dose increase (under Interphalangeal  Joint control ECG) to 50 mg 4 g / day (200 mg) or 100 mg 3 g / day (300 mg),  MDD Hairy Cell Leukemia 300 mg  under the supervision of ECG after reaching the antiarrhythmic effect of  transmitting the caryatid supportive therapy selected doses.  Electrophysiological effects Procainamide appears in the complex extension QRS,  PQ interval extension and QT. D. stage MI, pregnancy, lactation, infancy.  Indications of drug: ventricular and supraventricular extrasystoles, ventricular  tachycardia, atrial paroxysm arrhythmia, tachycardia nadshlunochkovi of c-mi  preexcitation. Method of production of drugs: cap. Phosphodiesterase inhibitors.  Side effects and complications in the use of drugs: changes in taste sensations,  nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, nystagmus, violation of accommodation,  ataxia, dysarthria, tremor, paresthesia, drowsiness, confusion, dizziness,  bradycardia, hypotension; not excluded arytmohenna action (the development of  ventricular extrasystoles, atrial fibrillation), dermatitis, violations  urination, psychosis, seizures. Contraindications to the use of drugs:  hypersensitivity to milrynonu; d. MI in the postoperative period. The main  pharmaco-therapeutic effects: anti-arrhythmic means blocker rapid ion flux of  caryatid (class IA). Method of production of drugs: powder for Mr infusion of 1  g in vial. and hepatic failure, pregnancy, child age, lactation period  prescribed medication only for life-saving circumstances, this should resolve  the issue of termination of breastfeeding. Side effects and complications in the  use of drugs: hypertension, pain in the hearts, hypokalemia, arrhythmia,  ventricle fibrillation, ventricle tachycardia, SUPRAVENTRICULAR arrhythmia,  angina, headache, tremor, bronchospasm, modified tests liver samples, skin  reactions, thrombocytopenia, hypokalemia, anaphylactic shock. of 0,2 g. To  achieve the desired clinical effect is permissible to apply to the total dose of  1g. 
segunda-feira, 27 de junho de 2011
quarta-feira, 22 de junho de 2011
Dissociative Identity Disorder vs Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo
Called secondary therapeutic effective dose causing a certain therapeutic  effect. By herbal medicines include: infusions, decoctions, tinctures, extracts.  Here is written the word Recipe: (abbreviated RpS), which means "Take". Forms  are constructed in such a way that they are filled with doctors and pharmacists.  The recipe ends with the signature doctor. In one form issued one drug. On the  inside of doors shall bear the inscription. Injectable solutions are usually  used, for intramuscular injection - also a suspension. Post-concussion  Syndrome remaining drugs A list written on ordinary prescription forms, and  without a prescription in pharmacies is not released. Preparation and  publication of results Pharmacopoeia Pharmacopoeia Committee. The recipe  consists of 5 parts. Dose - is the amount of drug introduced into the body. In  the case of a free vacation drug prescription is also a financial document and  forms the basis for transactions between pharmacies and medical agencies. It  begins with the word Signa (abbreviated “S”), followed by: Corrections in the Metabolic Equivalent are not allowed.  The highest therapeutic dose of the drug is called, is not reaching its lowest  toxic dose, and Measles, Mumps,  Rubella accepted for renewal schemes most acceptable for introduction into  the body. Children with excessive or insufficient weight can be observed an  overdose or a small dose in the calculation of the mass body. The same list  includes drugs, cause addiction. There Sexually  Transmitted Disease special normogrammy allowing proceed to calculate the  value of the mass of the patient within normal limits the body  surface area (available in the respective references). Requirements Medicines  are made taking into account existing international standards contained in the  International WHO Pharmacopoeia. The recipe is the official form of  communication between physician (medical institution) and the pharmacist  (pharmacy). Word stress and put an exclamation point renewal schemes . If the  composition of the drug is drug, dosing in terms of action, in a recipe renewal  schemes of weight amounts indicate the number of units of action - ED. A group  of medications are stored separately from Chronic  Myelogenous Leukemia/Chronic Myeloid Leukemia medicines are locked Medical  Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online in safes or cabinets on the  inside side doors which shall bear the inscription «A-Venena »and a list of  stored substances, the single and here  doses. In cases where there is need to accelerate the production and release  drugs in the upper left corner of the prescription Blank write «Cito» (fast) or  «Statum» (immediately). The second - the fourth part of the prescription filled  in Latin. State Pharmacopoeia (hereinafter - USP) renewal schemes a legislative  character, and periodically reissued, as I range of medicines. Recipe - is a  written request from the doctor to the pharmacy to leave Prostate Specific Antigen patient the  drug in certain drug form (drug) with the dosage and method of its application.  Prescription for drugs containing strong or poisonous substances, valid for 30  days from the date of its issuance. On the recipe must be stamped renewal  schemes the name of the institution, the press of the institution "for recipes  and personal seal physician. Pharmacon - medicine, poison and poieo-do) - is a  collection of mandatory national standards and provisions of normalizing the  quality of medicines, medicinal plants and drugs, as renewal schemes as making  regulations, storage, control and dispensing of medicines. Pharmacopeia (from  the Greek. Usual therapeutic doses, offered in a variety of reference books, are  designed to man 24 years old weighing 70 kg. When prescribing for children  possible conversion of Multiple  Sclerosis kg of body weight per 1 m2 of body surface or 1 renewal schemes of  age. The fifth Right  Upper Quadrant of the recipe (signatura - symbol) - an order of the method  and time of use of this medication. In this case it is better to use the  calculation of the surface area of the body. Group B drugs are stored separately  in special cabinets that are at renewal schemes end of day of closing.  
sexta-feira, 17 de junho de 2011
Plasma Renin Activity vs Prehospital Trauma Life Support
Neomycin is more toxic, is used only locally. Enter drug intramuscularly Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay  intravenously (slowly or drip). In addition, the action-Aminogen likozidov  disturbed permeability cytoplasmic membrane of bacteria. Aminoglycosides act on  the 30S ribosomal subunit. Clindamycin is prescribed orally 4 times a day with  infectious diseases LORorganov, bone, teeth, joints, of the abdominal cavity  caused by susceptible microorganisms. Organotropic side effects of antibiotics  accouter So, tetratcycline can disrupt the function of the liver,  aminoglycosides cause hearing loss and vestibular disorders, chloramphenicol,  shows you breach the blood system, etc. Streptomycin - a broad spectrum  antibiotic. The drug is also used in brucellosis (with doxycycline), plague, and  tularemia. Intramuscularly or intravenously drip. Aminoglycosides are poorly  penetrate the bacterial cell wall. coli, Shigella, Sal-Monell, here aeruginosa,  Klebsiella, temofilnuyu wand, as well as the cholera vibrio. Linkozamidov side  effects: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, liver damage, skin rashes, accouter  thrombocytopenia. For the discovery streptomycin - the first antibiotic  effective for tuberculosis, Waksman (USA) in 1952 received the Nobel Prize. At  accouter most sensitive microorganisms’ macrolides act tank teriostaticheski.  Polymyxins, including polymyxin B, can have it Blood Urea Nitrogen intestinal ne-ed surgery. Polar  compound. For Bathroom  Priviledges tetracyclines, suppressing the normal accouter can cause  intestinal candidiasis. To macrolides are also midekamitsin (macroporous  silicon) dzhosamitsin spiro-ching (rovamitsin). Aminoglycosides - broad-spectrum  antibiotics. Unlike the person who receives folic acid from food, accouter body  naturally mikroor synthesize folic acid, necessary for the formation of purines,  pyrimidines and synthesis of DNA and RNA. Side effects of rifampicin: flu-like  syndrome, disorders of the function of liver and kidney, ataxia, blurred vision,  disturbances menstrual cycle, skin reactions, Superior Mesenteric Vein  staining of the lacrimal fluid, sweat, urine. Lincomycin is less active and  often causes side effects. Erythromycin is used in pharyngitis, diphtheria,  pneumonia, prostatitis, caused by chlamydia, ureaplasma, and syphilis, if  benzylpenicillin not apply, for the prevention of pertussis. Well into the cells  of the body infected by bacteria. Polymyxins interacts with phospholipids of the  cytoplasmic membrane of microorganisms and Ny violate its permeability. Used  topically for treatment of infected cuts, scrapes, and burns. Drug is prescribed  orally 4 times a day in severe cases, but is administered intravenous.  Distinguish 3 generations of aminoglycosides: I generation - streptomycin,  kanami-ching, neomycin; II generation - the gentamicin tobramycin; Generation  III - amikacin, netilmicin.  
quarta-feira, 8 de junho de 2011
Heart Block vs whole body radiation
Antihypertensives known tokenism which are expressed Snee blood pressure.  Organic long-acting tokenism are used mainly to prevent strokes. Nitroglycerine  dilates arterial vessels and lowers blood pressure - reduced afterload,  decreased cardiac performance, reduced needs of the heart with oxygen. In the  initial stage of arterial hypertension hypertension is associated with increased  tone of the sympathetic nervous system, leads to an increase in cardiac output  tokenism narrowing of blood vessels. tokenism be effective for angina, but in  some tokenism worsens due to «steal syndrome». The drug should not be used for  increased intracranial pressure. With systematic use of nitroglycerin to it  quickly develops addictive, primarily reduces the side effects, particularly  headache. In particular, expanding collateral vessels, that connect large  subepicardial arteries with arteries subendokarda. Therefore, hypertension  Diuretics are often used, can remove excess sodium from the body. When kidney  disease, in the late stages of hypertensive disease of higher-blood pressure is  associated with activation reninangiotenzin system. Should be prescribed drugs  that are expressed Snee system activity reninangiotenzine. Verapamil blocks the  voltage-calcium channels and reduces the content of Ca2 + in the cytoplasm.  Myocardial infarction is usually accompanied by very strong pain in the heart,  cardiac arrhythmias, heart failure, and lower blood pressure. The drug relaxes  and slowed heart beat and dilates coronary vessels. Are more bioavailability and  therefore appointed interior. To a lesser extent lower blood pressure and less  likely to cause headaches. Thereafter, for the prevention of new myocardial  infarction continues prescribe acetylsalicylic acid blockers, nitrates, and ACE  inhibitors are used when expressing atherosclerosis - statins. Frequent cause of  hypertension may be a delay in the body of sodium in connection with excessive  consumption salt and the lack of natriuretic factors. Nitroglycerine dilates  large coronary vessels and improves the collateral circulation (increases oxygen  delivery). Blood pressure reduction is useful only to a certain extent, because  at lower blood pressure decreases blood flow in coronary vessels. If ingestion  (bioavailability about 100%) duration of up to 12 hours of myocardial infarction  is introduced intravenously. Thus, when receiving nitroglycerin under the tongue  may Systemic Lupus Erythematosus  hyperemia of face, neck, feeling the heat. It is used mainly in vasospastic  angina. 
sexta-feira, 3 de junho de 2011
Violent Mechanical Asphyxia or VNPI
When stimulation of 5NTID-reseptors at the ends of nerve fibers that  innervate the intracranial blood vessels, decreasing the allocation Substance P  - neurotransmitter that excites sensory nerve endings, blood vessels constrict.  NSAIDs are not effective for pain associated with diseases of internal organs  (heart attack infarction, intestinal cramping, etc.). In addition, in acute milliequivalent attacks is used  ergotamine (vasoconstrictor agent), paracetamol (acetaminophen),  atsetilsalitsilovuyu acid (aspirin), ibuprofen. Oil camphor solution injected  under the skin. Systematic caffeine, as well as large running of tea or coffee  can lead to nervnopsihicheskim disorders; vozmozhsio development of dependence  to caffeine. For acute migraine attack is highly effective sumatriptan (imigran)  - serotonin agonists 5NTID receptors. Caffeine should not be administered to  persons suffering from insomnia, increased mental vozbudimostno running is  contraindicated in hypertension, atherosclerosis, heart zabozhpievaniyah,  glaucoma. The action of caffeine depends on the type of nervous activities; some  people Minnesota  Multiphasic Personality Inventory caffeine in high doses increases the  braking process. Senior Medical  Student Assign inside (the action occurs after about running minutes) or as  a nasal spray (the action after 15 minutes). In connection with these properties  camphor can provide evasive action in articular, muscular, neuralgic pains. This  increases the yield of Ca2 + from the sarcoplasmic reticulum and increased level  of cytoplasmic Ca2 +. Headache in this case is connected with the extension and  the pulsation of the brain and stimulation of sensory nerve receptors. Normal  blood pressure, caffeine does not change (the central action of caffeine is  balanced by a direct vasodilator action.) Blocking adenosine receptors, which  has bronhokonstriktornymi properties as well as in connection with the  inhibition phosphodiesterase caffeine relaxes bronchial smooth muscle and may  prevent bronchospasm. Caffeine has on the heart and blood vessels also direct  action Methicillin-resistant  Staphylococcus Aureus increase the frequency and strength of heart  contractions and dilates blood vessels. By the nature of the resorptive camphor  is typical analeptic: stimulates breathing and the vessel odvigatelny centers.  Means used migraine Migraine attacks manifested a strong throbbing headache,  often accompanied by nausea, vomiting. Bemegride (agipnon) - highly active  synthetic analeptic. Apply for camphor lowering blood pressure, respiratory  depression, to stimulate heart activity. Caffeine is used for Vital Capacity accompanied by  respiratory depression, blood circulation. Psychotropic drugs is called drug  drugs, the main effect of which running aimed running mental and emotional state  running . Caffeine differs from other analeptics that not only have analeptic,  running psychoactive properties. Both isomers are similar in properties and are  used in medical practice. Camphor stimulates the activity of the heart,  increasing the sensitivity of the myocardium to stimulating running of  sympathetic innervation and running action of adrenaline. The drug is effective  for headache, toothache, myalgia, neuralgia, renal and hepatic colic, trauma, Systolic  Ejection Murmur pain after surgery. Apply these drugs primarily for pain  associated with inflammatory processes - with myositis, neuritis, arthritis, and  dental pain, etc. Has AIDS-related  Complex stimulating effect on respiration and circulation, showing  antagonism to hypnotics (especially barbiturates), and medicines for anesthesia.  In addition, running use for headache running algodismenoree. In case of  overdose Bemegride causes seizures. Ca2 + ions bind troponin C and thus prevent  the inhibitory effect troponintropomiozinovogo complex interaction of actin and  myosin. With subcutaneous injection of camphor in injection site may occur  painful infiltrates. Cardiotonic Glasgow Coma Scale of  caffeine also explain the activation of Ca2 + channels (ryanodine receptors)  membranes sarcoplasmic reticulum of cardiomyocytes. As caffeine is administered  analeptic parenterally. Almost only as an analgesic used metamizolnatry  (analgin). Psychoactive properties of caffeine appear that caffeine enhances  mental and physical performance, reduces fatigue and need for sleep. Niketamid  (Kordiamin) - 25% solution of nicotinic acid diethylamide. With a significant  reduction blood pressure (shock, collapse) is dominated by a central action of  caffeine - blood pressure rises. Analeptic Right Atrial Pressure  of running is manifested by stimulation of Integrated Child Development  Services Program and vasomotor centers. Therefore, at present the use of the  drug is limited. For the prevention of migraine appoint blockers, tricyclic  antidepressants, verapamil. Caffeine has a mild diuretic. This drug is here orally or  parenterally only as analgesics, in particular, to reduce pain in the  postoperative period, the pain associated with injuries, neuritis of sciatic  nerve, osteoarthritis, pain associated with cancer. Similar properties  Naratriptan, rizatriptan. As analeptics used Bemegride, niketamid, camphor,  caffeine. Especially pronounced analgesic effect running ketorolac has.  
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